The Convert's Catechism of Catholic Doctrine

The Pope, The Primacy of Peter, The Infallibility of the Pope

Who is the Holy Father or Pope?: The Holy Father or Pope is the Visible Head of the Church, the Successor of Saint Peter and the Vicar of Christ on earth.
Why is a visible head necessary for the Church?: A visible head is necessary for the Church to maintain her Unity of Faith, her Unity of Worship, and her Unity of Government.
Why must the visible head of the Church today be the Successor of Saint Peter?: The visible head of the Church today must be the successor of Saint Peter, because Jesus Christ made Saint Peter The Visible Head of His Church.
When did Christ promise to make Saint Peter the Head of His Church?: Christ promised to make Saint Peter the Head of His Church when He said: "Thou art Peter and upon this rock I will build My Church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. And I will give to thee the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven. Whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven." - Matthew 16:18-19
When did Christ make Saint Peter the Head of His Church?: Christ made Saint Peter the Head of His Church when He appeared to His Disciples after His Resurrection, and solemnly said to Simon Peter: "Feed My lambs - feed My sheep." - John 21:15-17
Did Christ give Saint Peter authority over the other Apostles?: Christ gave Saint Peter authority over the other Apostles.
What Scriptural proofs are there for the Primacy of Peter?: The principal Scriptural proofs for the Primacy of Saint Peter are:

1) Saint Matthew (10:2) calls Saint Peter the first Apostle;

2) Saint Peter proposed the election of a successor to Judas (Acts 1);

3) Saint Peter was the first to preach (Acts 2);

4) The first to perform miracles (Acts 3);

5) The first to rebuke civil authorities (Acts 4);

6) The first to receive Gentile converts (Acts 10);

7) In the Council of Jerusalem there was much disputing until Peter spoke, when all the multitude held their peace (Acts 15);

8) When the Chief Pastor was in prison, prayers were offered for his delivery (Acts 12).
Was Saint Peter infallible in teaching Faith and Morals?: Saint Peter was infallible in teaching Faith and Morals.
Why is the Pope an infallible teacher in Faith and Morals?: The Pope is an infallible Teacher in Faith and Morals because the Attributes of a divine Church are necessarily found in their fulness in her headship, which the Pope inherits from Saint Peter.
When does the Pope teach with the infallible guidance of the Holy Ghost?: A. The Pope teaches with the infallible guidance of the Holy Ghost only when he acts in his official capacity as Vicar of Christ, that is, when he publicly teaches a doctrine of Faith or Morals to be held by all the faithful.
Who are the successors of the other Apostles?: The successors of the other Apostles are the Bishops of the Catholic Church.
Why does the Catholic Church use the Latin Language in the Sacrifice of the Mass and in the administration of the Sacraments?: The Catholic Church uses the Latin, a dead language, whose words always retain the same meaning:

1) To preserve the original doctrine in all its purity;

2) To safeguard the proper Form of the Sacraments;

3) To obtain clearness and precision in her Laws.